截取式水(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)油分(fen)層采(cai)(cai)樣(yang)器(qi)的運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)與儲存(cun)需(xu)(xu)(xu)遵循規范流程，保障(zhang)設(she)備(bei)性(xing)能不受(shou)影(ying)響。運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)前(qian)(qian)，需(xu)(xu)(xu)將采(cai)(cai)樣(yang)筒(tong)、傳感器(qi)、控制(zhi)模(mo)塊(kuai)等(deng)部(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)拆卸分(fen)類包裝(zhuang)(zhuang)，采(cai)(cai)樣(yang)筒(tong)需(xu)(xu)(xu)清洗(xi)晾干(gan)后用軟(ruan)質材料(liao)包裹，防(fang)止(zhi)(zhi)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)碰撞劃傷；傳感器(qi)需(xu)(xu)(xu)放(fang)(fang)(fang)入(ru)特殊防(fang)護盒(he)，避(bi)(bi)免劇烈(lie)震動導致精(jing)度受(shou)損(sun)(sun)；控制(zhi)模(mo)塊(kuai)需(xu)(xu)(xu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)入(ru)防(fang)震包裝(zhuang)(zhuang)盒(he)，內(nei)(nei)部(bu)(bu)填(tian)充緩沖材料(liao)，防(fang)止(zhi)(zhi)電路元件(jian)(jian)損(sun)(sun)壞。運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)，需(xu)(xu)(xu)避(bi)(bi)免設(she)備(bei)與腐蝕性(xing)物質、尖(jian)銳(rui)物品混(hun)放(fang)(fang)(fang)，同時(shi)(shi)控制(zhi)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)環(huan)境溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度，避(bi)(bi)免高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)（超過(guo)40℃）或低(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)（低(di)于-20℃）環(huan)境，若長途(tu)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)，需(xu)(xu)(xu)定期檢查(cha)包裝(zhuang)(zhuang)是(shi)否完好，防(fang)止(zhi)(zhi)部(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)移位。儲存(cun)時(shi)(shi)，需(xu)(xu)(xu)將設(she)備(bei)部(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)分(fen)類存(cun)放(fang)(fang)(fang)于干(gan)燥、通風的倉庫，倉庫溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度控制(zhi)在5℃-30℃，相對濕(shi)度不超過(guo)60%，避(bi)(bi)免陽光直(zhi)射與潮濕(shi)環(huan)境；采(cai)(cai)樣(yang)筒(tong)、密封(feng)圈等(deng)橡膠部(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)需(xu)(xu)(xu)涂(tu)抹特殊保護劑(ji)，防(fang)止(zhi)(zhi)老(lao)化(hua)；金屬部(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)需(xu)(xu)(xu)定期檢查(cha)是(shi)否有銹(xiu)蝕跡象，若發現銹(xiu)蝕需(xu)(xu)(xu)及時(shi)(shi)除(chu)銹(xiu)并涂(tu)抹防(fang)銹(xiu)油脂；設(she)備(bei)需(xu)(xu)(xu)定期通電檢查(cha)（每月至少一次(ci)），測(ce)試各部(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)功(gong)能是(shi)否正常，確(que)保設(she)備(bei)隨時(shi)(shi)可投入(ru)使(shi)用。采(cai)(cai)樣(yang)前(qian)(qian)查(cha)看天氣預報，避(bi)(bi)開(kai)暴雨、大風天氣，防(fang)止(zhi)(zhi)惡劣環(huan)境干(gan)擾采(cai)(cai)樣(yang)精(jing)度或損(sun)(sun)壞設(she)備(bei)。中(zhong)(zhong)國香港(gang)國內(nei)(nei)截取式水(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)油分(fen)層采(cai)(cai)樣(yang)器(qi)方案設(she)計

截(jie)取式水(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)油(you)分(fen)(fen)層(ceng)采(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)器(qi)可(ke)(ke)與(yu)(yu)(yu)多(duo)種水(shui)(shui)(shui)環境(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)設備聯動(dong)(dong)，形成一體(ti)(ti)化(hua)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)體(ti)(ti)系，提(ti)升水(shui)(shui)(shui)體(ti)(ti)油(you)污(wu)染監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)的(de)多(duo)面(mian)性(xing)(xing)與(yu)(yu)(yu)時(shi)效性(xing)(xing)。在(zai)現場監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)中(zhong)，可(ke)(ke)與(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)質多(duo)參數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)分(fen)(fen)析(xi)儀配(pei)合，采(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)同(tong)時(shi)實時(shi)獲取水(shui)(shui)(shui)體(ti)(ti)pH值、溫度、溶解氧(yang)等基礎(chu)參數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，這(zhe)些數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)與(yu)(yu)(yu)油(you)含(han)量(liang)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)結合，能更多(duo)面(mian)分(fen)(fen)析(xi)油(you)污(wu)染對水(shui)(shui)(shui)體(ti)(ti)生態的(de)影(ying)響。對于存在(zai)油(you)類泄漏風險的(de)區(qu)(qu)域，可(ke)(ke)將采(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)器(qi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)在(zai)線(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)質監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)站聯動(dong)(dong)，設定(ding)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)采(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)觸發(fa)條件(jian)，當在(zai)線(xian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)站檢(jian)測(ce)到(dao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)體(ti)(ti)油(you)含(han)量(liang)超標時(shi)，自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)啟動(dong)(dong)采(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)器(qi)采(cai)(cai)集對應(ying)水(shui)(shui)(shui)層(ceng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，實現污(wu)染事件(jian)的(de)快速響應(ying)。此外，采(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)器(qi)還可(ke)(ke)與(yu)(yu)(yu)無人機監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)系統配(pei)合，通過無人機航(hang)拍確定(ding)水(shui)(shui)(shui)體(ti)(ti)油(you)膜分(fen)(fen)布范圍，引導采(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)器(qi)在(zai)污(wu)染中(zhong)心(xin)區(qu)(qu)域與(yu)(yu)(yu)周邊(bian)區(qu)(qu)域精細設點(dian)采(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，避免盲目(mu)采(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)導致的(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)偏差，同(tong)時(shi)減少(shao)人工(gong)勘察的(de)工(gong)作量(liang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)時(shi)間成本。在(zai)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)管理方面(mian)，采(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)器(qi)的(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)記錄單元(yuan)可(ke)(ke)通過無線(xian)傳(chuan)輸(shu)模塊，將采(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)實時(shi)上傳(chuan)至環境(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)平(ping)臺(tai)，與(yu)(yu)(yu)其他監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)設備數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)匯總，形成統一的(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)庫，便于工(gong)作人員進(jin)行數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)整合分(fen)(fen)析(xi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)共享。寧夏(xia)國內截(jie)取式水(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)油(you)分(fen)(fen)層(ceng)采(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)器(qi)性(xing)(xing)能檢(jian)測(ce)水(shui)(shui)(shui)相(xiang)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)本中(zhong)油(you)濃度前，靜(jing)置樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)本 30 分(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)，待微小油(you)滴上浮，提(ti)升檢(jian)測(ce)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)準(zhun)確性(xing)(xing)。

截取式(shi)水(shui)中油分(fen)層采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)器的(de)(de)(de)應用需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)符合(he)各(ge)類環(huan)保(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)規(gui)(gui)對(dui)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)流(liu)(liu)程(cheng)與(yu)(yu)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)規(gui)(gui)性的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求，確(que)保(bao)(bao)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)可(ke)(ke)用于(yu)環(huan)境(jing)評(ping)估與(yu)(yu)執法(fa)(fa)(fa)依據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)。在(zai)(zai)不(bu)同(tong)區域開展(zhan)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)工作時，需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)遵(zun)循當地環(huan)保(bao)(bao)部門(men)發布的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)污(wu)染物監測(ce)(ce)技術規(gui)(gui)范，例如在(zai)(zai)河(he)流(liu)(liu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)中，需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)根據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)河(he)流(liu)(liu)流(liu)(liu)量、水(shui)深等因素確(que)定(ding)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)斷面與(yu)(yu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)點(dian)數(shu)量，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)頻(pin)次需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)符合(he)法(fa)(fa)(fa)規(gui)(gui)對(dui)不(bu)同(tong)污(wu)染程(cheng)度水(shui)體的(de)(de)(de)監測(ce)(ce)要(yao)求。對(dui)于(yu)企(qi)業(ye)排污(wu)口(kou)監測(ce)(ce)，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)器采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)集的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)樣(yang)(yang)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)能代替企(qi)業(ye)正常生(sheng)產(chan)狀態(tai)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)排污(wu)情況，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)時間(jian)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)避開企(qi)業(ye)停(ting)產(chan)、檢修等特(te)殊(shu)時段，同(tong)時記錄(lu)(lu)企(qi)業(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)負荷等相關信息，確(que)保(bao)(bao)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)代替性。在(zai)(zai)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)記錄(lu)(lu)與(yu)(yu)保(bao)(bao)存(cun)方面，需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)按(an)照法(fa)(fa)(fa)規(gui)(gui)要(yao)求完(wan)整記錄(lu)(lu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)時間(jian)、地點(dian)、深度、操作人(ren)員、設(she)備編號等信息，數(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)保(bao)(bao)存(cun)期限(xian)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)滿足法(fa)(fa)(fa)規(gui)(gui)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)，通常至(zhi)少保(bao)(bao)存(cun)5年以上。此(ci)外，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)過(guo)程(cheng)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)具(ju)備可(ke)(ke)追溯(su)性，若環(huan)保(bao)(bao)部門(men)對(dui)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)提出(chu)核查(cha)要(yao)求，需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)能提供完(wan)整的(de)(de)(de)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)記錄(lu)(lu)、設(she)備校準報告(gao)、維(wei)護記錄(lu)(lu)等資料(liao)，證(zheng)明采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)流(liu)(liu)程(cheng)合(he)規(gui)(gui)，數(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)真實可(ke)(ke)靠。

水(shui)體中油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)類(lei)濃(nong)度(du)(du)(du)差(cha)異(yi)會(hui)對(dui)截取式水(shui)中油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)分(fen)(fen)(fen)層采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)量(liang)(liang)(liang)、操作(zuo)流程產生影響(xiang)，需根據濃(nong)度(du)(du)(du)變化(hua)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)取對(dui)應措(cuo)施。針對(dui)低濃(nong)度(du)(du)(du)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)類(lei)水(shui)體（油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)小(xiao)于(yu)0.1mg/L，如清(qing)潔地(di)(di)表(biao)水(shui)），采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)時需增加(jia)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體積，通常采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)集1000-2000mL水(shui)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，以滿足檢測(ce)方法的(de)(de)(de)**低檢出(chu)限要(yao)求(qiu)；同時需使用高潔凈度(du)(du)(du)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)部件，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)前需用超純水(shui)反復清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)筒(tong)、管路(lu)，避(bi)(bi)免(mian)部件殘留油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)分(fen)(fen)(fen)干(gan)擾檢測(ce)結(jie)果(guo)，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)后(hou)需盡(jin)快(kuai)送檢，減少(shao)(shao)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)分(fen)(fen)(fen)揮發導(dao)致(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)濃(nong)度(du)(du)(du)降低。在中濃(nong)度(du)(du)(du)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)類(lei)水(shui)體（油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)0.1-10mg/L，如輕度(du)(du)(du)污染水(shui)域(yu)）中，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)量(liang)(liang)(liang)可控制在500-1000mL，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)筒(tong)無(wu)需特殊處理，但需在采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)后(hou)記錄水(shui)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)外(wai)觀特征（如顏色、渾濁度(du)(du)(du)），為后(hou)續檢測(ce)異(yi)常數(shu)據的(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)析提供(gong)參考；若水(shui)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)出(chu)現(xian)輕微乳化(hua)，可在采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)后(hou)靜置30-60分(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘，利用重力自(zi)然分(fen)(fen)(fen)層，避(bi)(bi)免(mian)過度(du)(du)(du)處理導(dao)致(zhi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)分(fen)(fen)(fen)損(sun)失。對(dui)于(yu)高濃(nong)度(du)(du)(du)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)類(lei)水(shui)體（油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)大于(yu)10mg/L，如嚴重污染水(shui)域(yu)、工業(ye)廢水(shui)排放口），采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)時需減少(shao)(shao)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)量(liang)(liang)(liang)（200-500mL），防(fang)止(zhi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)分(fen)(fen)(fen)過多(duo)導(dao)致(zhi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)筒(tong)內(nei)壁吸附嚴重；同時需在采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)筒(tong)內(nei)壁噴涂(tu)防(fang)吸附涂(tu)層，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)后(hou)用少(shao)(shao)量(liang)(liang)(liang)溶劑(ji)（如四氯乙烯）沖洗(xi)(xi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)筒(tong)，將沖洗(xi)(xi)液與(yu)水(shui)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)合并(bing)，確(que)保油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)分(fen)(fen)(fen)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)集完整；此外(wai)，高濃(nong)度(du)(du)(du)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)類(lei)易堵塞閥門，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)后(hou)需立即用溶劑(ji)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)閥門，避(bi)(bi)免(mian)殘留油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)分(fen)(fen)(fen)凝固影響(xiang)下次使用。油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)相(xiang)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)本檢測(ce)若需運輸至異(yi)地(di)(di)，用防(fang)震泡沫(mo)包(bao)裹容器(qi)，減少(shao)(shao)顛簸對(dui)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)本狀態(tai)的(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)。

截(jie)取(qu)(qu)式水中(zhong)(zhong)油分(fen)層采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)器(qi)的(de)能耗管理的(de)重要(yao)性，直接關系到野外采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)的(de)續航(hang)能力，需(xu)從設(she)備(bei)(bei)設(she)計與(yu)(yu)使用(yong)(yong)操作兩(liang)方面采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)取(qu)(qu)措施。設(she)備(bei)(bei)設(she)計上，控(kong)制(zhi)模(mo)(mo)塊采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)低功(gong)耗芯(xin)片(pian)，在非采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)狀態(tai)下自(zi)動(dong)進入休眠模(mo)(mo)式，休眠時(shi)功(gong)耗可降低至工作狀態(tai)的(de)10%以下；深度(du)傳感器(qi)選用(yong)(yong)節(jie)能型(xing)型(xing)號(hao)，只在采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)筒升(sheng)降過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)啟動(dong)，停止(zhi)移(yi)動(dong)時(shi)自(zi)動(dong)關閉，減少不(bu)必要(yao)的(de)能耗。使用(yong)(yong)操作中(zhong)(zhong)，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)前需(xu)根據采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)點數量(liang)(liang)與(yu)(yu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)深度(du)，合理規劃采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)順序，避免設(she)備(bei)(bei)在不(bu)同(tong)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)點之間(jian)頻繁啟停，減少啟動(dong)時(shi)的(de)瞬(shun)時(shi)高能耗；若(ruo)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)任務耗時(shi)較長(chang)(chang)（超過(guo)(guo)8小時(shi)），需(xu)攜帶備(bei)(bei)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)池，備(bei)(bei)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)池需(xu)提(ti)前充滿(man)電(dian)(dian)，并采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)絕緣包裝防止(zhi)短路。此外，在低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)環(huan)境(jing)下，電(dian)(dian)池容量(liang)(liang)會(hui)下降，可將備(bei)(bei)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)池放入保(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)袋中(zhong)(zhong)保(bao)(bao)存，維持電(dian)(dian)池溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)在10℃-20℃，提(ti)升(sheng)電(dian)(dian)池使用(yong)(yong)效率；采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)結束后，及時(shi)關閉設(she)備(bei)(bei)電(dian)(dian)源，避免設(she)備(bei)(bei)處于待(dai)機狀態(tai)消耗電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)，確保(bao)(bao)下次采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)時(shi)設(she)備(bei)(bei)擁(yong)有充足續航(hang)。長(chang)(chang)期不(bu)用(yong)(yong)設(she)備(bei)(bei)，每月需(xu)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)或(huo)通(tong)氣測試，確保(bao)(bao)各部(bu)件處于正(zheng)常待(dai)機狀態(tai)。青海大(da)型(xing)截(jie)取(qu)(qu)式水中(zhong)(zhong)油分(fen)層采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)器(qi)銷售公司(si)

水(shui)相樣(yang)本檢測前需搖勻，確保樣(yang)本成分均勻，避免(mian)局部(bu)濃度差異干(gan)擾(rao)檢測結(jie)果。中國香港國內截取式水(shui)中油分層采樣(yang)器方案設(she)計

截取(qu)(qu)式(shi)水中油分層(ceng)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)器采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)集的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)數(shu)據(ju)可能(neng)存(cun)在多(duo)種誤差(cha)來源，需(xu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)取(qu)(qu)針對(dui)性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)控制措施，降低誤差(cha)對(dui)數(shu)據(ju)準(zhun)確性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響。設(she)備(bei)本身的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)誤差(cha)是重要(yao)來源之一，如(ru)深度(du)傳感器精度(du)不(bu)足、閥(fa)門(men)閉(bi)合延遲(chi)等(deng)，需(xu)通(tong)過(guo)定(ding)期(qi)校準(zhun)設(she)備(bei)關鍵部(bu)件(jian)，選(xuan)用精度(du)符合要(yao)求的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳感器和閥(fa)門(men)，減少設(she)備(bei)自身帶來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)誤差(cha)。操作(zuo)(zuo)誤差(cha)主要(yao)源于工作(zuo)(zuo)人員的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)操作(zuo)(zuo)不(bu)規(gui)范，如(ru)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)筒下放速度(du)過(guo)快、采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)點(dian)選(xuan)擇不(bu)當、數(shu)據(ju)記(ji)錄錯誤等(deng)，需(xu)加強(qiang)工作(zuo)(zuo)人員的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培訓，使其熟(shu)悉操作(zuo)(zuo)規(gui)范，嚴格按照流程進行(xing)(xing)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)操作(zuo)(zuo)，并在操作(zuo)(zuo)過(guo)程中進行(xing)(xing)雙(shuang)人核(he)對(dui)，確保數(shu)據(ju)記(ji)錄準(zhun)確。環境(jing)因(yin)素也(ye)會導致誤差(cha)，如(ru)水流擾動、溫(wen)度(du)變化、電磁干擾等(deng)，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)時(shi)需(xu)選(xuan)擇合適的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)時(shi)機，避開水流湍(tuan)急區域，在設(she)備(bei)周圍(wei)設(she)置(zhi)防(fang)電磁干擾裝置(zhi)，同時(shi)考慮(lv)溫(wen)度(du)對(dui)設(she)備(bei)性能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響，在極端(duan)溫(wen)度(du)環境(jing)下采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)取(qu)(qu)保溫(wen)或散熱措施。水樣(yang)污(wu)染(ran)誤差(cha)主要(yao)來自采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)容(rong)器、設(she)備(bei)部(bu)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)殘留污(wu)染(ran)或外源污(wu)染(ran)，需(xu)在采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)前徹底清洗采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)容(rong)器和設(she)備(bei)部(bu)件(jian)，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)過(guo)程中避免外界污(wu)染(ran)物(wu)進入水樣(yang)，確保水樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)純度(du)。中國(guo)香港國(guo)內截取(qu)(qu)式(shi)水中油分層(ceng)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樣(yang)器方案設(she)計

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